1. What is Tensile Strength From Hardness?

Tensile strength (TS) can be estimated from hardness measurements using a conversion factor. This relationship is particularly useful in materials science and engineering when direct tensile testing is not feasible.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( TS \) — Tensile strength (stress)
• \( factor \) — Conversion factor (dimensionless)
• \( Hardness \) — Hardness measurement (unit)

Explanation: The relationship between hardness and tensile strength is approximately linear for many materials, with the factor varying based on material type and hardness scale.

3. Importance of Tensile Strength Calculation

Details: Tensile strength is a fundamental mechanical property that indicates the maximum stress a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before failing or breaking.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter hardness value in appropriate units and the conversion factor. The default factor of 3.45 is commonly used for steel when converting from Brinell hardness (HB) to tensile strength (MPa).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical conversion factor for steel?
A: For steel, a common factor is 3.45 when converting Brinell hardness (HB) to tensile strength in MPa.

Q2: Does this relationship work for all materials?
A: No, the relationship varies by material type. Different materials and hardness scales require different conversion factors.

Q3: How accurate is this estimation?
A: While useful for estimation, actual tensile strength can vary by ±10-15% from calculated values due to material variations.

Q4: What hardness scales can be used?
A: Common scales include Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRB, HRC), and Vickers (HV). Each requires appropriate conversion factors.

Q5: When should direct tensile testing be used instead?
A: For critical applications or when high accuracy is required, direct tensile testing should always be performed.